Science is the systematic approach to the natural world that brings together the different sciences with a common theme of explanation, measurement and control of nature. The scientific approach starts from the earliest times of science when people were not yet able to classify and describe nature. They could only make general observations and make inferences from these general observations. Later on, the real science started with the study of nature. This involved many scientific disciplines such as zoology, botany, forestry, ecology, physics, astronomy, geology, archeology and others. In modern times, science is an advanced approach to understand nature through the use of many scientific disciplines such as genetics, paleontology, ecology, neuroscience, computer science and mathematics.

The scientific practices include observing, recording, creating or discovering, testing and understanding the natural world around us. It also includes the application of those sciences in the practical world by making use of scientific instruments, techniques and knowledge to describe, record, evaluate and explain the natural world. There are many theories which are developed in the course of science which are essential for the development of our knowledge. Theory is used to describe a set of observations and its results, while models are used to predict the results of experiments and tests based on the theory.

The major components of science include observation, measurements and experimental and statistical methods. Observation is the ability to see, detect or test something that does not exist already. For instance, if you observe that some stars move around the night, you can make a description of the motion using the laws of Isaac Newton and use this information to explore the properties of the star and to test if it has a stable orbit around the galaxy. Measurement is the ability to take a measurable amount of data and determine its nature and characteristics. For instance, the distance and the position of the stars can be measured to study their properties and to study their variations. Finally, there is the use of statistical methods to evaluate and compare observed data to new evidence.

A good example is the scientific method used to distinguish between different types of physical phenomena. It first separates the hypothesis (the idea or belief) from the phenomena. It then follows a chain of cause and effect to identify which hypothesis is the true one. It is usually the hypothesis that is considered most accurate.

Science also includes other areas such as cosmology, nuclear physics, planetary science, particle physics and others. The former works within the solar system, while the latter focuses on the universe and the big bang theory. A cosmologist studies the effects of general relativity and can search for the relationship between space and time, and between matter and energy. Nuclear physics mainly deals with the properties of subatomic particles and takes the measurement of energy. The last includes a wide range of topics such as particle physics, high energy physics, nuclear medicine and solid state science. The specific areas of science that are included in the definitions for science of all disciplines are the natural sciences which are general ones such as biology, chemistry and physics, as well as those more specific areas like botany, zoology and geology.

Some people think that only humans can be scientists because they observe, experiment and differentiate phenomena. But a scientist is someone who can explain the nature and properties of natural phenomena and who can apply physical theories to derive predictions that can be tested by other scientists. A good example of a scientist is Newton who not only discovered the laws of gravity, but also explained why and how it happens.